| Glossary of Export Import Trade Terms Starting with - A |
| Words |
Description |
| AB |
Appellate Body
|
| ACP |
African, Caribbean, and Pacific countries.
|
| ADB |
Asia Development Bank, head quartered located in Manila, Philippines (ASIA).
|
| AEZs |
Refers to a scheme of Agricultural Export Zones.
|
| APEC |
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
|
| ATC |
Agreement on Textiles and Clothing
|
| Absolute Advantage(AB-AD) |
An absolute advantage exists in condition of when a nation or other
economic region of any country is able to produce a good or service
more efficiently than a second (other) nation or its region.
|
| Acceptance |
Any agreement to purchase goods under specified terms. An agreement to purchase goods at a stated price and under stated terms.
|
| Accounting Translation Exposure |
Changes in a organizations or corporation's financial statements as a result of changes in currency values. |
| Acquisition Premium |
In a merger or acquisition, the difference between the purchase price and the reacquisition value of the target firm or company.
|
| Acquisition of Assets |
In an acquisition of assets, one firm acquires the assets of another
company. None of the liabilities supporting that asset are transferred
to the purchaser.
|
| Acquisition of Stock |
In an acquisition of stock, one firm buys an equity interest in another.
|
| Active Fund Management |
An investment approach that actively shifts funds either between asset
classes (asset allocation) or between individual securities (security
selection).
|
| Active Income |
In the U.S. tax code, income from an active business as opposed to passive investment income.
|
| Activity-Based-Cost (ABC) |
An accounting method that allocates costs to specific products based on breakdowns of cost drivers.
|
| Ad Valorem |
According to value
|
| Ad valorem Tariff |
A tariff assessed as a percentage of the value of an import.
|
| Adjusted Present Value(APV) |
An APV is a valuation method that separately identifies the value of an unlevered project from the value of financing side effects. |
| Advance Against Documents |
A loan made on the security of the documents covering the shipment.
|
| Advance Licence |
Advance Licence is granted for import of inputs without payment of
customs duties. It is issued in accordance with the Policy and
procedures in force and subject to fulfillment of time-bound export
obligation. Such licences can be issued
|
| Advance Payment |
Advance Payment is a Trading method in which the buyer pays for the
goods before they are sent out , method is used when buyer is of
unknown credit worthiness. It is applicable in International or
domestic trade.
|
| Adventure |
Adventure also define for marine adventure." It is a term of art in the
marine insurance business. All insured cargo owners and every shipper
on that vessel are part of the adventure.
|
| Advising Bank |
Advising Bank is usually in the country of the seller, whose primary
function is to authenticate the letter of credit and advise it to the
seller, Purchase and collection of Export Bills.
|
| Advisory Capacity |
A term indicating that shipper's agent or representative is not
empowered to make definitive decisions or adjustments without approval
of the group or individual represented.
|
| African Developmental Bank (ABD) |
The ABD is one of four major regional developmental banks currently
operating in the global economy; it is headquartered in Abidjan, Cote
d'Ivoire.
|
| Agency Costs |
The costs incurred to ensure that agents act in the best interest of the principal.
|
| Agent |
Someone who represents business in domestic and overseas market. In
corporate governance terminology, management is the agent of the
principal stakeholders in a principal-agent relationship.
|
| Aggregate Demand |
The total demand of all potential buyers of a commodity or service.
Includes all individuals and organizations that have the ability,
willingness, and authority to purchase such products.
|
| Air Waybill |
A BILL OF LADING that covers both domestic and international flights transporting goods to a specified destination.
|
| All-in Cost |
The percentage cost of a financing alternative, including any bank fees or placement fees.
|
| Allocation Rules of Income |
In the U.S. tax code, these rules define how income and deductions are
to be allocated between domestic-source and foreign-source income.
|
| Allocation efficiency |
The efficiency with which a market channels capital toward its most productive uses.
|
| Alongside |
A phrase referring to the side of a ship. Goods to be delivered
"alongside" are to be placed on the dock or barge within reach of the
transport ship's tackle so that they can be loaded aboard the ship.
|
| Alteration |
A change in the boundaries of an activated zone or subzone.
|
| Andean Pact |
A regional trade pact that includes Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.
|
| Annuity |
A level stream of equal dollar payments that lasts for a fixed time. An
example of an annuity is the coupon part of a bond with level annual
payments.
|
| Anti-Dumping Laws |
Laws that are enacted to prevent dumping-offering prices in the
overseas market that is lower than that at which a product is sold in
its home domestic market.
|
| Applicant |
A corporation applying for the right to establish, operate and maintain a foreign-trade zone.
|
| Appreciation |
An increase in a currency value relative to another currency in a floating exchange rate system.
|
| Arbitrage |
The process of buying FOREIGN EXCHANGE, stocks, bonds and other
commodities in one market and immediately selling them in another
market at higher prices.
|
| Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) |
An asset pricing model that assumes a linear relation between required
return and systematic risk as measured by one or more factors according
to Rj = mj + b1jF1 + ... + bKjFK + ej.
|
| Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) |
APEC forum designed to promote economic growth, cooperation, and
integration among member nations. The most prominent members are China,
Japan, and Korea.
|
| Asian Development Bank (ABD) |
One of four major regional development banks currently operating in the
global economy; it is headquartered in Manila, Philippines.
|
| Asian Dollars |
U.S. dollars deposited in Asia and the Pacific Basin.
|
| Ask "offer" Rates |
The rate at which a market maker is willing to sell the quoted asset.
|
| Asset Allocation Policy |
The target weights given to various asset classes in an investment portfolio.
|
| Assets-in-Place |
Those assets in which the firm has already invested. (Compare to growth options.)
|
| Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) |
A loose or low economic and geopolitical affiliation that includes
Singapore, Brunei, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia, and
Vietnam. Future members are likely to include Myanmar (Burma), Laos,
and Cambodia.
|
| At-the-Money Option |
An option with an exercise price that is equal to the current value of the underlying asset.
|
| Attributive Basis |
Method of accounting for merchandise where direct identification of the
goods with the shipment as admitted to the zone has been lost.
|
| Autarky |
In models of international trade, a situation in which there is no cross-border trade.
|
| Aval |
A guarantee of the buyer's credit provided by the guarantor, unless the
buyer is of unquestioned financial standing. The aval is an endorsement
note as opposed to a guarantee agreement.
|
| Avalisation |
Payment undertaking given by a bank in respect of a bill of exchange drawn.
|
| Average Accounting Return (AAR) |
The average project earnings after taxes and depreciation divided by the average book value of the investment during its life.
|
